The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is divided into two main divisions: the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system.
Sympathetic Nervous System
The sympathetic nervous system is often referred to as the “fight or flight” system. It prepares the body for stressful or emergency situations. When activated, it increases heart rate, dilates pupils, and redirects blood flow to the muscles, enhancing the body’s ability to respond to threats.
Parasympathetic Nervous System
In contrast, the parasympathetic nervous system is known as the “rest and digest” system. It promotes relaxation and conservation of energy. Its activation slows the heart rate, promotes digestion, and helps the body to recover and maintain homeostasis.
In summary, the sympathetic division prepares the body for action, while the parasympathetic division promotes restful functions.