The correct answer is b) physical and chemical.
Weathering is the process that breaks down rocks and minerals at the Earth’s surface. There are two primary types of weathering: physical weathering and chemical weathering. Physical weathering involves the mechanical breakdown of rocks without altering their chemical composition. This can be caused by natural forces such as freeze-thaw cycles, abrasion, and thermal expansion. On the other hand, chemical weathering involves the alteration of the chemical structure of minerals, often through reactions with water, acids, or other chemicals. This process can lead to the formation of new minerals and the release of essential nutrients into the soil.