Genotypes refer to the genetic makeup of an organism, which determines its characteristics. There are three main types of genotypes:
1. **Homozygous Dominant (AA):** This genotype consists of two dominant alleles. An organism with this genotype will express the dominant trait.
2. **Homozygous Recessive (aa):** This genotype consists of two recessive alleles. An organism with this genotype will express the recessive trait.
3. **Heterozygous (Aa):** This genotype consists of one dominant allele and one recessive allele. An organism with this genotype will express the dominant trait, as the dominant allele masks the effect of the recessive allele.
Understanding these genotypes helps in predicting the inheritance of traits in offspring.