Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, and each amino acid consists of four main parts:
- Central Carbon Atom (Alpha Carbon): This is the central atom to which all other parts of the amino acid are attached.
- Amino Group (-NH2): This group contains nitrogen and hydrogen atoms and is basic in nature.
- Carboxyl Group (-COOH): This group contains carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen atoms and is acidic in nature.
- R Group (Side Chain): This is a variable group that differs among different amino acids. It determines the unique properties of each amino acid.
These four parts work together to give amino acids their unique structure and function in the body.