In William Golding’s Lord of the Flies, there are several intertextual references to R.M. Ballantyne’s Coral Island and R.L. Stevenson’s Treasure Island. These works serve as a backdrop against which Golding explores deeper themes of civilization and savagery.
One prominent reference to Coral Island can be observed through the character of Ralph, who embodies the optimistic outlook present in Ballantyne’s boys. Ralph’s initial leadership and desire to create a structured, civilized society mirror the boys’ adventures in Coral Island, where they seek to maintain order. However, as the novel progresses, this idealism erodes, contrasting the straightforward adventure narrative of Ballantyne.
In terms of Treasure Island, the character of Jack can be seen as a reflection of Long John Silver. Like Silver, Jack is charismatic and cunning, gradually leading the group into chaos and savagery. The theme of treasure in both texts symbolizes different values; while in Stevenson’s work, it signifies adventure and reward, in Golding’s novel, it becomes an allegory for the loss of innocence and the reality of human nature when stripped of societal norms.
Golding’s use of these intertextual references highlights the contrast between youthful adventure and the darker aspects of human nature, inviting readers to reflect on the consequences of abandoning civilization.