Charles Darwin is best known for his groundbreaking work on the theory of evolution, and he studied a variety of animals during his research. The most notable were the finches he encountered in the Galápagos Islands, which played a crucial role in shaping his ideas about natural selection.
Darwin observed that these finches had different beak shapes and sizes, adaptations that suited their specific diets and environments. This observation led him to theorize that species evolve over time through the process of natural selection.
In addition to the finches, Darwin also studied tortoises, iguanas, and various species of birds and marine life. His extensive observations of these animals allowed him to compile evidence for his theories and ultimately change our understanding of biological diversity and evolution.