The Olmecs, one of the earliest known civilizations in Mesoamerica, were generally considered to be polytheistic. This means they worshipped multiple gods, rather than adhering to a single deity.
Archaeological evidence, such as the colossal heads and various figurines found in Olmec sites, suggests that they had a pantheon of gods associated with natural elements and key aspects of their society. Deities often represented aspects of nature, agriculture, and fertility, indicating a belief system deeply intertwined with their environment.
Additionally, the Olmecs practiced rituals and ceremonies that were aimed at appeasing these gods, further pointing to a polytheistic framework. While some scholars suggest the potential for a centralized deity, the prevailing evidence favors a worship system involving multiple gods, typical of a polytheistic tradition.