Yes, both the Incan and Aztec civilizations were theocratic governmental systems. In these societies, religion and government were deeply intertwined, with rulers often seen as divine or semi-divine figures.
Incan Civilization
The Inca Empire was a theocracy where the Sapa Inca, the emperor, was considered the son of the sun god Inti. The Sapa Inca was not only the political leader but also the highest religious authority. The government was centralized, and the state controlled all aspects of life, including religion. Temples and religious practices were state-sponsored, and the Inca believed that their rulers were divinely appointed to maintain order and harmony.
Aztec Civilization
The Aztec Empire was also a theocracy, with the Tlatoani (the emperor) serving as both the political and religious leader. The Aztecs believed that their gods required constant appeasement through rituals and sacrifices, which were state-organized events. The Tlatoani was seen as the intermediary between the gods and the people, and his rule was considered divinely sanctioned. The Aztec government was highly organized, with a complex bureaucracy that managed both secular and religious affairs.
In both civilizations, the integration of religion and governance was a key aspect of their societal structure, making them prime examples of theocratic systems.