The molecule NH2Cl, also known as chloramine, is polar. The polarity of a molecule is determined by its shape and the electronegativity of the atoms involved.
In NH2Cl, there are two hydrogen atoms and one chlorine atom bonded to a nitrogen atom. Nitrogen is more electronegative than hydrogen, which means it pulls the shared electrons in the N-H bonds closer to itself. Similarly, chlorine is significantly more electronegative compared to nitrogen, pulling the shared electrons in the N-Cl bond towards itself.
Due to the differences in electronegativity, there is an uneven distribution of electron density in the molecule. The nitrogen atom holds a partial positive charge while the chlorine atom carries a partial negative charge, creating a dipole moment. As a result, the overall shape of NH2Cl is not symmetrical, allowing for the dipoles to not cancel each other out.
Therefore, because of the molecular geometry and the presence of a dipole moment, NH2Cl is classified as a polar molecule.