NaOH, commonly known as sodium hydroxide, is classified as a base. It is an alkali metal hydroxide that dissociates in water to produce hydroxide ions (OH–), which are responsible for its basic properties.
The pH of a solution containing NaOH is typically greater than 7, indicating its basic nature. When sodium hydroxide is dissolved in water, it increases the concentration of hydroxide ions in the solution, which can neutralize acids. This property makes it useful in various applications, such as in neutralizing acidic solutions and in manufacturing soaps and detergents.
Overall, while NaOH does not fit the definition of an acid or a salt, it is clearly recognized as a strong base based on its ability to donate hydroxide ions in solution.