In Charles Dickens’ novel Great Expectations, Pip and Joe Gargery are brought up in a rather unconventional manner, often described as being ‘brought up by hand.’ This phrase implies a nurturing that is hands-on and somewhat informal, reflecting the social and economic realities of their upbringing.
Pip, an orphan raised by his sister Mrs. Joe Gargery and her husband Joe, is primarily taught through their life experiences rather than formal education. Mrs. Joe is stern and often cruel, imposing her will on both Pip and Joe. However, it is Joe who represents a more compassionate figure in Pip’s life. Joe, although uneducated and not wealthy, offers Pip warmth, kindness, and a sense of loyalty. Their bond is reinforced through the shared hardships of their lower-class status, with Joe acting as a father figure to Pip despite his own limited means.
During Pip’s formative years, he learns about morality and values through Joe’s example. Joe’s honest nature and resilience in the face of adversity provide a stark contrast to the harsh treatment by Mrs. Joe. This hands-on upbringing emphasizes the importance of personal connections and moral development in contrast to societal expectations and class boundaries.
Ultimately, Pip’s experiences with Joe serve to shape his perspective on wealth, class, and personal aspirations as he grows older. The ‘hand upbringing’ from Joe, filled with affection and authenticity, resonates throughout Pip’s journey, making him question his values and his desire for social status.