Traditionally, we learn about three primary states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas. However, the universe encompasses a much broader range of states due to the various conditions present in different environments.
In addition to solids, liquids, and gases, scientists recognize other states such as plasma, which is created at extremely high temperatures and is the most common form of matter in the universe, found in stars and lightning. Beyond these, there are more exotic states of matter, including Bose-Einstein condensates and fermionic condensates, which occur under extreme conditions close to absolute zero.
In total, some scientists propose that there are over a dozen recognized states of matter, with ongoing research continually enriching our understanding. The states of matter can vary based on temperature, pressure, and other factors, leading to intriguing phenomena, especially in high-energy astrophysical environments.