The California Gold Rush, which began in 1848, led to a massive influx of people seeking fortune, resulting in numerous challenges and dangers. Although exact numbers are difficult to ascertain, it is estimated that thousands of people died during this period. Most of the deaths can be attributed to various factors including disease, accidents, and violence associated with the rush for gold.
Many prospectors faced harsh conditions, inadequate nutrition, and outbreaks of diseases such as cholera and dysentery, which took a heavy toll on their lives. Additionally, the lawlessness that accompanied the rapid population growth often led to violent confrontations and conflicts over land and resources. Consequently, estimates suggest that around 10,000 to 20,000 individuals may have lost their lives during the Gold Rush, reflecting the perilous nature of the pursuit for wealth during this transformative era in American history.