The ancient Egyptian alphabet, also known as hieroglyphics, does not have a fixed number of letters in the way we think of alphabets today. Instead, it consists of over 700 distinct symbols, which include phonetic characters, ideograms, and determinatives. However, if we focus on the phonetic alphabet, which was used to represent sounds, it typically contains around 24 consonants.
Hieroglyphs combined pictorial illustrations to represent various sounds and meanings, with some symbols standing for single sounds, while others might represent whole words or concepts. This complex writing system evolved over time, so the number of commonly used hieroglyphs could vary depending on the period and region of ancient Egypt.