There are a total of 5 constitutional isomers possible for the molecular formula C6H14. These isomers differ in the connectivity of their carbon atoms while maintaining the same molecular formula.
To understand this, let’s break down the structural possibilities:
- Hexane The straight-chain form with all six carbon atoms connected in a row.
- 2-Methylpentane: A five-carbon chain with a methyl group attached to the second carbon.
- 3-Methylpentane: Similar to 2-methylpentane, but the methyl group is attached to the third carbon.
- 2,2-Dimethylbutane: A four-carbon chain with two methyl groups attached to the second carbon.
- 2,3-Dimethylbutane: A four-carbon chain with one methyl group attached to the second carbon and another to the third carbon.
Each of these isomers has different physical and chemical properties, despite having the same number of carbons and hydrogens. This diversity is a key aspect of organic chemistry, highlighting how variations in structure can lead to significantly different compounds.