The Felidae family, commonly known as cats, includes all species of cats, great and small. This family is diverse and comprises a wide range of species such as domestic cats, lions, tigers, leopards, and cheetahs, among others. On the other hand, the Panthera family is a subset of Felidae that specifically includes the larger, roaring cats: lions, tigers, leopards, jaguars, and snow leopards.
One of the main differences between the Felidae and Panthera families lies in their physical characteristics and behaviors. For instance, species within the Panthera genus possess a special larynx that allows them to produce the characteristic roar. In contrast, smaller cats, which belong to other genera within the Felidae family, typically do not have this ability and communicate using vocalizations like meows and purrs.
Additionally, size is another distinguishing factor. Panthera species are generally larger and more robust than many of their Felidae relatives. For example, tigers can weigh over 600 pounds, whereas domestic cats in the Felidae family typically weigh between 5 to 20 pounds.
Another significant difference can be observed in their social structures. Panthera species, such as lions, often exhibit social behavior, living in prides. In contrast, many Felidae species are more solitary, preferring to hunt and live alone, with the notable exception of some species like cheetahs.
In summary, while the Panthera family is a vital part of the Felidae family, it is characterized by larger size, the ability to roar, and more social behavior compared to the diverse array of smaller cats found in the Felidae family.