Corals rely heavily on sunlight for their survival, primarily because they have a symbiotic relationship with tiny photosynthetic algae known as zooxanthellae. These algae provide corals with essential nutrients through photosynthesis, which is why clear, sunny waters are crucial for healthy coral reefs.
When water becomes cloudy and muddy, sediment can block sunlight from penetrating to the corals. This diminished light exposure hinders the photosynthesis process carried out by the zooxanthellae. As a result, corals cannot receive the energy and nutrients they need from these algae, leading to stress and potential bleaching.
Moreover, the additional sediment can smother corals, making it even harder for them to thrive. If the situation persists, it can significantly impact the overall health of the coral reef ecosystem, as corals play a vital role in marine biodiversity and the health of the oceans.