Vascular plants obtain water primarily through their roots, which absorb moisture from the soil. This water travels through specialized tissues known as xylem, which are responsible for transporting water and nutrients throughout the plant.
Once the roots absorb water, it moves upward through the xylem vessels aided by a process called capillary action, as well as the evaporation of water from the leaves. This evaporation creates a negative pressure that pulls more water upward, similar to how a straw works when you sip a drink.
In addition to the xylem, vascular plants also utilize stomata on their leaves to regulate water loss and gas exchange. These tiny openings allow for the uptake of carbon dioxide during photosynthesis while also facilitating the release of water vapor. This delicate balance helps ensure that the plant remains hydrated while still acquiring the necessary resources for growth.