Reptiles primarily breathe using lungs, which is different from amphibians that can also absorb oxygen through their skin. The lungs of reptiles are more efficient than those of amphibians, allowing reptiles to thrive in drier environments.
When a reptile breathes, it expands its ribcage by contracting certain muscles, creating a negative pressure in the lungs. This negative pressure draws air in through the nostrils. Unlike mammals, reptiles do not have a diaphragm; instead, they rely on their ribcage movement to facilitate breathing.
Some reptiles, like sea turtles, have developed specialized adaptations to their breathing. For example, sea turtles can hold their breath for extended periods while diving, and they have a more efficient system to utilize the oxygen stored in their blood. Overall, reptiles have adapted well to their environments and have a range of breathing adaptations that vary among species.