Jacob Marley died seven years before the events of A Christmas Carol take place. In Charles Dickens’ novella, Marley is depicted as Ebenezer Scrooge’s former business partner. His ghost appears to Scrooge, bound in heavy chains, which symbolizes the consequences of his life and choices.
Marley’s death is attributed to a life spent in greed and selfishness. He is said to have died from a combination of his harsh business practices and neglecting the well-being of others. In the story, he warns Scrooge that he will share the same fate if he doesn’t change his ways. Marley’s spirit serves as a catalyst for Scrooge’s ultimate transformation, highlighting themes of redemption and the importance of compassion.