To illustrate the structure of a nephron, it’s helpful to start with a simple diagram. A nephron is the functional unit of the kidney and is crucial for filtering blood and producing urine. Here’s a diagram that includes the key components:
The primary parts to label in the nephron are:
- Glomerulus: This is a network of tiny blood vessels (capillaries) where blood filtration begins. It is located at the start of the nephron and is covered by Bowman’s capsule.
- Bowman’s Capsule: This is a cup-like structure that encases the glomerulus. It captures the filtrate that is filtered from the blood.
- Proximal Tubule: Following Bowman’s capsule, the proximal tubule is where most reabsorption of water, ions, and nutrients occurs.
- Loop of Henle: This section dips into the medulla of the kidney, creating a U-shape. It plays an essential role in concentrating urine and regulating water balance.
- Distal Tubule: The distal tubule receives fluid from the loop of Henle. It is involved in the fine-tuning of ion balance and water reabsorption.
- Collecting Ducts: These ducts collect urine from multiple nephrons and converge into the renal pelvis, leading to the bladder.
Understanding the nephron’s structure helps in comprehending how kidneys maintain homeostasis through filtering blood and balancing electrolytes.