Yes, the statement generally applies to prokaryotes, specifically bacteria and archaea. Plasmids are small, circular pieces of DNA that are distinct from the chromosomal DNA found in these cells. They are commonly found in bacteria and archaea, where they play a crucial role in gene transfer and the acquisition of new traits, such as antibiotic resistance.
In bacteria, plasmids can be transferred between cells through a process called horizontal gene transfer, which can contribute to the rapid spread of beneficial traits within bacterial populations. While eukaryotic cells also possess plasmids, they are not as prevalent or as functionally significant as in prokaryotes. Plasmids in eukaryotes, such as those found in yeast, are often used in genetic engineering and biotechnology.
In summary, plasmids are primarily associated with prokaryotes, especially bacteria and archaea, where they significantly contribute to genetic diversity and adaptability.