No, Julius Caesar did not create the Pax Romana, but he set the stage for it. The Pax Romana, which translates to ‘Roman Peace,’ was a long period of relative peace and stability across the Roman Empire that lasted approximately 200 years, starting from 27 BC with the reign of Augustus and ending around AD 180.
While Caesar, who was assassinated in 44 BC, played a crucial role in the events that led to the end of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Empire, it was Augustus (also known as Octavian), Caesar’s adopted heir, who officially established the Pax Romana. After a period of civil wars following Caesar’s death, Augustus became the first Emperor of Rome, and his reign marked the beginning of this era of peace.
Therefore, while Caesar’s reforms and military conquests laid important groundwork for the empire, it was under Augustus’s leadership that the Pax Romana was truly realized and its long-lasting peace maintained.