No, James Madison did not sign the Declaration of Independence.
Although he played a crucial role in the early development of the United States and is known as the ‘Father of the Constitution’ for his contributions to the drafting of the United States Constitution, Madison was not a member of the Continental Congress at the time the Declaration was adopted. The Declaration was signed on July 4, 1776, while Madison was serving in the Virginia House of Delegates. His political career took off later, and he was instrumental in shaping the foundational documents of the United States, but he did not participate in the signing of the Declaration itself.