A decision tree is a simple yet powerful visual representation used to make decisions based on certain conditions. It resembles a flowchart and helps in mapping out various possible outcomes based on a series of decisions or selections.
The primary components of a decision tree include:
- Root Node: This is the topmost node of the tree, representing the initial decision point or the feature that the tree starts with. It contains all possible outcomes for the first decision.
- Branches: These are the lines or paths that connect the nodes, indicating the flow from one decision to the next. Each branch represents a possible outcome, leading to further decisions or results.
- Decision Nodes: These nodes are typically represented by circles or squares in the tree. Each decision node represents a point where a choice must be made based on some condition or criterion.
- Leaf Nodes: At the end of the branches, leaf nodes signify the final outcomes or classifications resulting from the decisions. These nodes provide the terminal points of the tree, where no further decisions are required.
In summary, a decision tree is an effective tool for making informed decisions by clearly laying out the available options, their potential consequences, and the paths to reach those outcomes.