To classify each phrase, we need to consider the properties of solids, liquids, and gases. Particles in these states of matter behave differently based on their arrangement and movement. Let’s analyze each phrase:
- Particles are close together and can move past each other: This describes a liquid. In liquids, particles are located close together but can slide past one another, allowing them to flow and take the shape of their container.
- Definite volume, definite shape: This is characteristic of a solid. Solids have a fixed volume and shape because the particles are tightly packed and held in place, preventing them from moving freely.
- Particles are close together and do not move relative to each other: This also indicates a solid. In solids, the particles vibrate in place but do not move around each other, which maintains their fixed structure.
- No definite shape: This describes a gas. Gases do not have a fixed shape and will expand to fill the volume of their container. The particles in a gas are far apart and move freely, allowing them to take the shape of the space they occupy.
In summary, here is the classification:
- Phrase i: Liquid
- Phrase ii: Solid
- Phrase iii: Solid
- Phrase iv: Gas
This understanding of the states of matter is essential in various scientific fields and everyday life.