Most elements in the periodic table are classified as metals. In fact, about 75% of the known elements are metals. These metals can be found on the left side and in the center of the periodic table, including groups like alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, and lanthanides.
Metals are characterized by their shiny appearance, malleability, ductility, and good conductivity of heat and electricity. They tend to lose electrons in chemical reactions, forming positive ions.
On the other hand, nonmetals, which make up a smaller portion of the periodic table, are found on the right side. They exhibit diverse properties and can be gases, liquids, or solids at room temperature. Nonmetals generally gain or share electrons when they react with other elements, forming negative ions or covalent compounds.
Metalloids are elements that have properties intermediate between metals and nonmetals. These elements are located along the zigzag line on the periodic table. Though fewer in number, they play an important role in the development of semiconductors and other technologies.
In summary, while all three categories—metals, nonmetals, and metalloids—are essential to understanding chemistry, metals dominate the periodic table in terms of the number of elements.