A charged atom is referred to as an ion.
Explanation: Atoms are neutral and have an equal number of protons (positively charged) and electrons (negatively charged). When an atom gains or loses electrons, it becomes charged, resulting in an ion. If an atom gains electrons, it becomes a negatively charged ion, known as an anion. Conversely, if it loses electrons, it becomes a positively charged ion, called a cation. Ions play a crucial role in various chemical reactions and processes, including the formation of compounds and electrical conductivity in solutions.