Definition, Meaning & Synonyms

homologous chromosomes

Noun

/həˈmɒl.ə.ɡəs ˈkrɒm.ə.səʊmz/

Definition

Chromosomes that are similar in shape, size, and genetic content.

Examples

During meiosis, homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material through a process called crossing over.
In humans, there are 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes, totaling 46 chromosomes.
Homologous chromosomes ensure genetic diversity through recombination.

Meaning

Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes in a diploid organism. One chromosome of each pair is inherited from the mother, and the other from the father, carrying the same genes but potentially different alleles.