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English Lexicon

But-for

/ˌbʌtˈfɔːr/
prepositionadjectiveCEFR C1 (Advanced)Top #14500 frequency
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Comprehensive Definitions & Senses

2 senses
As preposition
  1. 1

    Without the presence, action, or intervention of; if not for.

    "But-for his quick intervention, the accident would have been much worse."
As adjective
  1. 1

    Relating to a legal test for causation that determines whether an event would have occurred without a specific act or condition.

    "The plaintiff must satisfy the but-for test to establish legal liability."
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Antonyms & Contrasting Words (1)

Linguistic Origin & Historical Etymology

Derived from the conjunction 'but' (Old English 'būtan', meaning outside of, except) combined with the preposition 'for'. It evolved primarily in legal and formal contexts to establish a conditional prerequisite or a decisive counterfactual cause.

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