Frederick Douglass changed his name as part of his journey towards freedom and self-identification. Born as Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey, he adopted the name Douglass after escaping slavery in 1838.
The change was significant for several reasons. Firstly, it symbolized his break from a past of oppression and servitude. Keeping his original name would have tied him to the identity of a slave, whereas ‘Douglass’ represented his newfound freedom and autonomy.
Moreover, the surname was inspired by Lord Thomas Douglas, a character in the poem ‘The Lady of the Lake’ by Sir Walter Scott. Douglass saw this name as embodying a sense of nobility and strength, ideals he aspired to. By selecting a name that resonated with his values and aspirations, he was forging his own identity in a world that sought to define him otherwise.
In addition, changing his name was also a practical decision. It was common for escaped slaves to alter their names to evade capture, as many slavers would be on the lookout for runaways by their given names. Thus, adopting Douglass not only marked a personal transformation but also served as a means of protection.
Overall, Frederick Douglass’s name change was a profound act of reclaiming his identity, symbolizing his journey from a life of bondage to one of activism, eloquence, and leadership in the fight for abolition and civil rights.