Foucault described his method as the “archaeology of knowledge” to highlight the way he investigated the history of ideas, discourses, and practices within various fields of knowledge. The term ‘archaeology’ suggests a careful excavation of layers of meaning and understanding that have accumulated over time, much like an archaeologist uncovers artifacts from different historical periods.
By using this term, Foucault aimed to reveal how knowledge is not just a linear progression of ideas, but rather a complex interplay of discursive formations that are shaped by historical contexts, power relations, and social practices. He focused on how certain ideas become dominant at particular times and how they can be challenged or displaced.
His approach sought to uncover the underlying rules and structures that govern the production of knowledge, rather than merely examining content or claims to truth. This method invites us to think critically about the foundations of our own knowledge and the socio-political contexts from which it emerges. In essence, it’s about digging deep to promote a deeper understanding of how knowledge is formed and legitimized.