A program symphony is a type of orchestral music that is designed to tell a story or depict a specific scene or idea. Unlike traditional symphonies, which primarily focus on musical form and structure, program symphonies are created with a narrative in mind, aiming to evoke images or emotions through the music.
The concept of program music, including program symphonies, originated during the Romantic period when composers sought to express more personal and evocative ideas in their works. A famous example of a program symphony is Symphonie Fantastique by Hector Berlioz, which follows the life of an artist through various episodes and is inspired by his unrequited love.
Program symphonies often come with a written program or explanation that outlines the themes and meanings behind each movement, helping audiences to connect the music with its narrative content. This allows listeners to engage more deeply with the music and understand the emotions or stories being portrayed, creating an immersive experience that goes beyond mere sound.