Draw the structures of 1-chlorohexane and 1-chloro-4-methylpentane. What is the total number of hydrogen and carbon atoms in each molecule?

To start, let’s look at the structures for both 1-chlorohexane and 1-chloro-4-methylpentane.

1-Chlorohexane

1-chlorohexane has a straight-chain structure with a chlorine atom attached to the first carbon. The molecular structure can be depicted as:

       Cl
        | 
    H - C - H
        | 
    H - C - H
        | 
    H - C - H
        | 
    H - C - H
        | 
        H

For 1-chlorohexane:

• Total number of carbon atoms: 6
• Total number of hydrogen atoms: 13

1-Chloro-4-methylpentane

In 1-chloro-4-methylpentane, a chlorine atom is attached to the first carbon of a five-carbon chain, and there is a methyl group (—CH₃) on the fourth carbon. Its structure is shown below:

       Cl
        | 
    H - C - H
        | 
    H - C - H     H
        | 
    H - C - C - H
        |   | 
        H   H

For 1-chloro-4-methylpentane:

• Total number of carbon atoms: 6
• Total number of hydrogen atoms: 13

In summary, both 1-chlorohexane and 1-chloro-4-methylpentane have the same number of carbon and hydrogen atoms, demonstrating that different structural isomers can result in the same molecular formula.