The process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment is known as homeostasis.
Homeostasis is essential for the survival of organisms as it regulates factors like temperature, pH, hydration, and concentration of ions and nutrients within the body. This process involves various physiological mechanisms that detect changes in the internal or external environment and initiate responses to restore balance.
For instance, in humans, when body temperature rises, mechanisms such as sweating and increased blood flow to the skin help cool the body down. Conversely, if the temperature drops, the body may initiate shivering to generate heat. These responses illustrate the importance of feedback systems in maintaining homeostasis.
Overall, homeostasis is a dynamic process that ensures optimal functioning of biological systems, allowing organisms to thrive in varying environmental conditions.