A pleural effusion is most accurately defined as the accumulation of excess fluid in the pleural cavity, the space between the lungs and the chest wall.
This condition can result from various causes, including heart failure, infections, malignancies, or inflammatory diseases. The presence of this fluid can hinder the normal expansion of the lungs, leading to difficulty breathing, chest pain, and coughing.
To accurately diagnose a pleural effusion, healthcare providers often use imaging studies such as chest X-rays or ultrasounds. Treatment may involve therapeutic thoracentesis, where the fluid is drained to relieve symptoms and aid in diagnosis.