The capital of the Mali Empire was Timbuktu. Founded in the 5th century, it became one of the most important trading and cultural centers in West Africa by the 14th century.
Timbuktu was strategically located along the trans-Saharan trade routes, which facilitated the exchange of goods like gold, salt, and slaves, as well as the spread of ideas and culture. Its wealth attracted scholars, merchants, and travelers, making it a vital hub of learning and commerce.
The city is renowned for its historical architecture, including the famous Djinguereber Mosque and the University of Timbuktu, which were significant centers of Islamic learning during the empire’s peak.