In an experiment, the variables that are held constant are known as controlled variables. These are the factors that researchers keep the same across all groups or trials to ensure that any observed effects can be attributed to the independent variable being tested.
For example, if you are testing the effect of different fertilizers on plant growth, you might control variables such as the amount of water each plant receives, the type of soil used, the amount of sunlight the plants get, and the type of plant being used in the experiment. By keeping these conditions constant, you can isolate the impact of the fertilizer itself on the plants’ growth.
This method is crucial in scientific studies because it helps eliminate confounding factors that could skew the results. In summary, controlled variables ensure that the experiment is fair and that the results are valid and reliable.