The decimal system, also known as the base-10 system, was developed by ancient Indian mathematicians. One of the most well-known contributors to this system was the mathematician and astronomer Aryabhata, who lived during the 5th century CE. However, the concept of using a decimal system can be traced back even further to earlier civilizations.
Moreover, the decimal system was significantly influenced by the numeral system we use today, which was later transmitted to the Islamic mathematicians and, from them, to Europe. This development was crucial as it laid the foundation for modern mathematics and commerce.
In summary, while Aryabhata played a significant role in formalizing the decimal system, it was the cumulative efforts of many ancient cultures that contributed to its invention and evolution. Today, the decimal system is a fundamental part of mathematics, used worldwide in education, science, and everyday calculations.