The Congress of Vienna, held from 1814 to 1815, was a pivotal event in European history that aimed to restore stability and order after the upheaval of the Napoleonic Wars. The three main principles that guided the deliberations and decisions made at this congress were:
- Legitimacy: This principle aimed to restore the traditional monarchies that had been overthrown during the Napoleonic Wars. The leaders believed that restoring legitimate rulers would bring peace and stability to Europe.
- Balance of Power: The Congress sought to prevent any single nation from becoming too powerful, which could lead to future conflicts. By redistributing territories and influencing alliances, the major powers aimed to maintain a balance that would deter aggression.
- Compensation: To achieve a fair settlement, this principle involved compensating countries for the losses they suffered during the wars. Territories were adjusted, and nations that contributed to the defeat of Napoleon were rewarded with land or influence.
These principles were designed to create a framework for European stability that would last for decades, ultimately leading to a relatively peaceful period known as the Concert of Europe.