The Confederates defended Petersburg with great determination for several key reasons. First and foremost, Petersburg was a vital supply center for the Confederate army during the Civil War. Its strategic location along major railroads, particularly the South Side Railroad, made it essential for the transport of troops, food, and other critical supplies to sustain the Southern war effort.
Additionally, the fall of Petersburg would have directly threatened the capital of the Confederacy, Richmond, which was located just a few miles to the north. By holding Petersburg, Confederate forces aimed to protect Richmond from Union advances. The loss of both cities would have been a significant blow to Confederate morale and military capability.
Moreover, the fierce defense of Petersburg reflected the broader context of the war at that point. By June 1864, the Confederate army, under General Robert E. Lee, was on the defensive against the Union forces led by General Ulysses S. Grant. The Confederates were aware that any ground given to the Union could turn the tide further against them, leading to more territory lost.
Finally, the intense fighting around Petersburg became symbolic of the struggle for Southern independence. With soldiers and civilians alike deeply invested in the outcome, the determination to defend the city was fueled by a sense of duty and loyalty to their cause. This combination of strategic importance, the protection of Richmond, and the emotional commitment to the Confederate cause drove the fierce defense of Petersburg during the war.