The molecular geometry of thionyl chloride (SOCl2) is best described as trigonal pyramidal.
Here’s the explanation:
Thionyl chloride (SOCl2) has a central sulfur atom bonded to one oxygen atom and two chlorine atoms. The sulfur atom has one lone pair of electrons. According to the VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) theory, the lone pair and the three bonding pairs of electrons around the sulfur atom arrange themselves to minimize repulsion. This results in a trigonal pyramidal shape, where the lone pair occupies one of the positions in the tetrahedral electron pair geometry, causing the three bonding pairs to form a pyramid shape.
So, the correct answer is d) trigonal pyramidal.