Medieval manors were nearly self-sufficient because they were designed to meet the needs of the people living on them without relying heavily on external trade. This self-sufficiency was crucial during a time when travel was difficult, and the economy was largely agrarian.
Here are some key reasons why medieval manors were nearly self-sufficient:
- Agricultural Production: Manors had large tracts of land dedicated to farming. They grew crops like wheat, barley, and oats, which provided the basic food needs for the inhabitants. They also raised livestock for meat, milk, and wool.
- Craftsmanship: Manors had skilled workers such as blacksmiths, carpenters, and weavers. These craftsmen produced tools, clothing, and other essential items needed for daily life.
- Local Resources: Manors often had access to natural resources like timber, stone, and clay. These materials were used for building homes, making tools, and creating other necessities.
- Feudal System: The feudal system ensured that the manor had a structured labor force. Serfs and peasants worked the land and provided labor in exchange for protection and a place to live. This system helped maintain the manor’s self-sufficiency.
- Limited Trade: Due to the difficulty of travel and the lack of a developed market economy, manors had to produce most of what they needed locally. Trade was limited to luxury items or goods that could not be produced on the manor.
In summary, medieval manors were nearly self-sufficient because they had the resources, labor, and organization to produce most of what they needed internally. This self-sufficiency was essential for survival in a time when external trade and travel were challenging.